All hornbill species in Indonesia are protected. According to the IUCN Red List, of the 13 hornbill species distributed in Indonesia, one is listed as Critically Endangered (CR), three are listed as Vulnerable (VU), four are listed as Near Threatened (NT), and five other species are listed as Least Concern (LC) or not listed as threatened.

The helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) is only one step away from being listed as Extinct in the Wild, as it is currently categorized as Critically Endangered (CR). In just three years, the species was uplisted from Near Threatened to Critically Endangered due to severe hunting and loss of forest habitat.